This "default" recently acquired by the students, not only of the Faculty or the University, but throughout the world internet copy and paste, is the greatest danger facing education today.
ICTs are tools of the mind. Just as a hammer increases and enhances our ability to apply a force on a point, so the computers increase and enhance our ability to process information. But also misused as a hammer can become a deadly weapon, the computer used irresponsibly and light, as a tool to relieve us of the work (just as an appliance), instead of enhancing our minds can make us more stupid.
Facing the certainty that this happens, some colleagues have opted out of curiosity "solutions." One of them is to deny the benefits of the new tool and require that the work should be written by hand with pencil, in the hope that by writing at least move the hand and that generate some level of retention of print. Another, more cynical, huge consultations requested documents he needed and proudly showed hundreds of well-printed pages that the students had "investigated" the Internet. Some more responsible design work in which the reflection is more important than information and set strict research sources to avoid losing control.
I think we must assume, with integrity and promote the phenomenon only possible solution, the appropriate use of information technology and communication at the same time we develop controls to find it is copied and it is not. In this regard the following article Eduteka us on the road.
ICTs are tools of the mind. Just as a hammer increases and enhances our ability to apply a force on a point, so the computers increase and enhance our ability to process information. But also misused as a hammer can become a deadly weapon, the computer used irresponsibly and light, as a tool to relieve us of the work (just as an appliance), instead of enhancing our minds can make us more stupid.
Facing the certainty that this happens, some colleagues have opted out of curiosity "solutions." One of them is to deny the benefits of the new tool and require that the work should be written by hand with pencil, in the hope that by writing at least move the hand and that generate some level of retention of print. Another, more cynical, huge consultations requested documents he needed and proudly showed hundreds of well-printed pages that the students had "investigated" the Internet. Some more responsible design work in which the reflection is more important than information and set strict research sources to avoid losing control.
I think we must assume, with integrity and promote the phenomenon only possible solution, the appropriate use of information technology and communication at the same time we develop controls to find it is copied and it is not. In this regard the following article Eduteka us on the road.
PLAGIARISM: WHAT IT IS AND HOW TO AVOID
Plagiarism occurs when you borrow words or ideas of others and have done so expressly. In our culture, our words and ideas is considered intellectual property, such as a car or anything else that we have, we believe our words belong to us and not be used without our permission.
Therefore, every time you write a document that requires research to inform its readers where of received ideas and assertions or data that are not themselves. Whether you quote directly or make a summary of the information, you must give credit to his sources, citing them. In this way you get "permission" to use another word because it is giving credit for the work he or she has done.
However, even when you summarize the risk of committing plagiarism. Plagiarism occurs when you borrow words or ideas, lest they be paraphrased as the original, but fails completely. If your words and phrases are very similar to the original source, it is also plagiarism.
Plagiarism is a serious offense. If found to you have plagiarized, either intentionally or unintentionally, may face serious consequences. In some cases of student plagiarism have had to leave the institutions where they were studying. In general, institutions reported what their rules about plagiarism in their policy manuals. Questions about
quoted as summarized and how to avoid plagiarism:
What is "quoting" a source?
means that you put expressly in the text you are writing, which took words, ideas or figures from elsewhere.
How do you cite?
Use established rules by the APA (American Psychological Association - American Psychological Association) or MLA (Modern Language Association - Modern Language Association) quoted in brackets (eg cited in each paragraph, not the footnote). In general, what goes is the author's surname and date of publication of the work in reference (APA) or the author's surname and page number of the text of which was extracted (MLA). Must be done properly. The form and the score, count.
You must also include a complete list of sources (bibliography) at the end of his writing. This not only aims to show readers that you researched, but also offer other sources in case you want to delve into the subject. Again, this must be done according to rules established by the MLA or the APA [3].
What to cite?
a) All facts, figures, statistics that are not common knowledge.
Example 1:
Silver prices reached their highest in nine years $ 7.28 per ounce, 5 February 1998. Some analysts predicted it would reach $ 10.00 per ounce in two months (Fuerbriger D1).
This should be quoted because it is not generally known.
Example 2:
Statement American Independence was written in 1776.
This is common knowledge and need not be cited.
b) specific theories or ideas that have been proposed by others.
Example:
is not the poor and discrete pronunciation of vowel and consonant sounds that both interferes with communication is the use of intonations and accents wrong (Gilbert, 1994, p. 21).
c) Any specific information that is NOT public knowledge.
Example:
estimated that deaths from firearms occurred very soon surpass traffic accidents as the leading cause of death traumatic in North America (Davidson, 1998, p. A31).
(The APA guidelines were used in the above quotes).
The best policy to adopt is: When there is doubt whether something is common knowledge, cite the source.
How do I avoid plagiarism?
a) Cite the source directly quotes and cite the reference.
Example:
As one teacher: "Plagiarism is best defined as an intentional activity - the conscious copying of the work of others" (Swales 125).
b) Paraphrase the ideas and quote ref. You may not use sentences or paragraphs exactly as they are in the text, even if you cite the reference. The words you use must be yours.
Example:
John Swales has said that plagiarism occurs when a person copies another's work and is well aware of what you are doing (125).
Source: Swales, John and Christine B. Feakes. Academic Writing for Graduate Students. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1994.
(MLA guidelines were used in the above quotes).
How I can paraphrase, and make sure that I am not "stealing" someone else's phrases?
a) Use all synonyms for words that are not generic.
b) Change from active to passive voice or vice versa.
c) Change the sentence structure.
d) Reduce paragraphs to sentences.
e) Change the text. Look
original phrase:
As the United States has moved from an industrial based economy to one that is based on the information and services, there has been a drop in the level of salaries industrial workers.
(Crandall, Joann, Maryanne Kearny Datesman and Edward N. Kearny, The American Ways. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall Regents, 1997).
Acceptable forms of paraphrase:
The number well-paying jobs in factories has declined since the U.S. economy has shifted from industry to service delivery and information. (Changed the structure of the sentence and used synonymously)
With the U.S. economy based information and services, there are fewer well-paying manufacturing jobs. (Paragraph reduced sentence, use of synonyms)
The point is that you can not simply replace some words by synonyms, or change the order of words, "you should make a major effort to transform the sentence into one that preserves the meaning of the original, but so different from it as possible.
For more information on how to avoid plagiarism, see: The Citation of Sources and Listing References Mayfield Handbook for Scientific and Technical Writing (Mayfield Handbook on Technical and Scientific Writing). Patricia
Bennecke 8 / 99, Last Updated 12/21/01, www.indiana.edu.
What is Plagiarism and Why is it important?
classes in school, we are continually exposed to others' ideas: we read them in texts, hear them in lectures, discuss them in class, and incorporate them into our writings. As a result, it is very important that we give credit when needed. Plagiarism is to make use of ideas and words of others without an explicit proof of where the information came from.
How can students avoid plagiarism?
To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit whenever you use:
The ideas, opinions or theories of another person;
Any data, statistics, graphics, image-any-information that is not publicly known;
Any reference to words spoken or written by another person, or
Paraphrasing the words spoken or written by another person.
These guidelines are taken from "Code Rights, Responsibilities and Conduct "Indiana University, USA.
How to recognize acceptable paraphrasing what is not?
This is the original text of the first page of the book, Lizzie Borden: Case Book of Family and Crime in the Year 1890 by Joyce Williams:
The rise of industry, urban growth and population expansion were the three great developments of late nineteenth century in the history of North America. As new factories, operated by steam and getting bigger, became milestones of the landscape in the east of the country, farmers were transformed industrial workers and offered work to a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization and the growth of large cities (such as "Fall River, Massachusetts, where Borden lived) which became centers of both production and trade and business. Here is a
UNACCEPTABLE paraphrase that is plagiarism:
The increase of industry, the growth of cities, and population explosion were three large factors of nineteenth century America. As the steam-operated companies became more visible in the eastern part of the country, farmers were changed by industrial workers and provided jobs for a large wave of immigrants. With industry came the growth of large cities as "Fall River" where they lived Borden, which became centers of commerce and trade and production time.
What makes this passage is plagiarism?
The preceding passage is considered plagiarism for two reasons:
The writer has moved or relocated a few words or phrases, or changed the order in which they were originally.
The writer has not cited any source for ideas or facts in your writing.
If you do any of the above two things or both, is committing plagiarism
NOTE: The preceding paragraph also has the problem that changes the meaning of several phrases (eg "steam-operated companies" in which the emphasis is lost in the works.)
This is an ACCEPTABLE paraphrase:
"Fall River" where the Borden family lived, was typical of northeastern industrial city in the nineteenth century. The steam production made the work had changed from agricultural to manufacturing, and as immigrants came to the United States, found work in these new factories. As a result, the population increased and the emergence of large urban areas. "Fall River" was one of those manufacturing and trading centers (Williams 1).
Why is this passage acceptable?
This is acceptable paraphrasing because the writer:
rightly reflects the original information using their own words. Communicate
readers the source of your information.
Here is an example in which both used the event as a way of paraphrasing OK:
"Fall River" where the Borden family lived, was one of the typical nineteenth-century industrial cities. As production became vapor produced agricultural work in manufacturing, demand for workers "became farmers industrial workers" and created work for immigrants. In turn, increased the population increased the size of urban areas. "Fall River" was one of those manufacturing centers that were also centers of commerce and business "(Williams 1).
Why is this passage acceptable?
Paraphrasing is acceptable because the writer properly booked
original ticket information.
gives credit for some of the ideas in this passage.
clearly indicates that parties are taking directly from the original source by placing quotation marks and citing the page number where found. Note
that if the writer had used these phrases or words in their writing without having put in quotes, would be committing plagiarism. Use words or phrases of another without enclosing them in quotes, it is considered plagiarism EVEN IF THE WRITER'S APPOINTMENT AT YOUR OWN TEXT THE SOURCE OF WORDS OR PHRASES THAT ARE MAKING THE REFERENCE.
Plagiarism and the Internet
The Web has become a popular source of information for student work, and there have been many questions about how to avoid plagiarism in this way. In most cases, the same rules apply for written material, when that write should include ideas or references a website, you must cite that source.
If a writer wants to use visual information from a website, usually the same rules apply. Copy visual information or graphics of a website or a written source is very similar to reference information and therefore the source graphic or visual information should be cited. These rules also apply to other uses text or visual information from Internet sites, for example, if a student is making a website for a class project and copies graphics or visual information of some sites, you must give credit to sources of information. In this case, may be a good idea to get permission from the owner of the site before using the charts.
Strategies to avoid plagiarism
1. Enclose in quotation marks everything that comes directly from the text, especially when taking notes.
2. Paraphrase, but be sure not just changing a few words or rearranging.
3. Compare your sentences with the original text to ensure no accidental use the same phrases or words, and that the information is accurate.
Some terms you need to know (or What is public?)
means Public Knowledge: facts that can be found in many places and are known by many people.
Example: John F. Kennedy was elected president of the United States in 1960.
This information is made public. You need not document it.
However you need to document facts that are not public knowledge or ideas that interpret events or situations.
Example: According to the new book by the American Family Coalition, Family Issues and Congress, "President Bush's relations with Congress have damaged the family leave legislation."
The idea that " President Bush's relations with Congress have damaged the family leave legislation "is not a fact but an interpretation, therefore, you must cite the source.
Referencing, Quote: To use the words of another. When you make a reference, place the passage you are quoting within quotation marks and credit the source using a standard model parameters to document.
The following example uses the parameters for appointments of the Modern Language Association of America (ALA):
Example: According to Peter S. Pitchard of USA Today, "Public schools need reform but they are irreplaceable to teach the youth of the nation. "
Paraphrasing: It is using someone else's ideas, but putting them in own words. This is probably the more skill you will use when you want to incorporate the contents of certain source in his writings . So do you use your own words to paraphrase, you should still give credit to the source or sources of information.
CREDITS AND NOTES FROM THE EDITOR:
[1] Eduteka translation of the document "Plagiarism : What it Is and How to Avoid It ", published in English by the library of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as part of" Scripture exhibition for bilingual students. "
[2] Eduteka translation of the document "Plagiarism: What It Is and How to Recognize and Avoid It", published in English by the staff of Writing Instruction at Indiana University in Bloomington, USA.
[3] Guide to quote from the APA Guide to quote from the MLA Guide for citing electronic documents ISO 690-2 (English, pdf).
Publication of this document Eduteka: December 7, 2002.
Last modify this document: December 7, 2002.
http://www.eduteka.org/PlagioIndiana.php3
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